This research shows that there is significant gender disparity in the spousal education-health relationship for self-rated and mental health but not cognitive health using nationwide panel data on Indonesians aged 45 to 80 years. Husbands with nine years of schooling or less, adversely affect their wives’ self-rated health but there is no impact of wife’s low education on husbands’ self-rated health. With mental health, females relative to males are more disadvantaged by spousal low education. Although one’s social capital fully counters this adverse effect, important differences in gender as well as negating strength were noted. For example, cognitive social capital buffers female cognition, mental and self-rated health while only structural social capital buffers male cognition and mental health. Also, structural social capital has twice the offsetting effect on male than female cognition caused by spousal educational disadvantage. Results show that gender-specific policies around social capital may aid adverse health outcomes associated with low education in marital dyads.